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Air Fryer Reference

310 foods · per-brand calibration

How long to cook anything in an air fryer

Exact time, temperature, flip moment and doneness check for every food — built for the phone-in-the-kitchen moment. No ad-stuffed scroll, no fluff.

Why this exists

Air fryer questions, answered

The questions home cooks ask before they trust the air fryer with a real dinner. For per-food cook times, open the food page from the catalog above.

How does an air fryer actually work?
An air fryer is a small convection oven — a heating element at the top of a tightly-enclosed chamber plus a fan that moves the hot air at five to ten times the food-to-surface velocity of a full oven. That high air-to-food contact ratio is what crisps food fast without immersing it in oil. There is no "frying" happening physically: the chemistry is the same Maillard browning a deep-fryer produces, but driven by hot air alone instead of hot fat.
Are air fryers really healthier than deep frying?
Yes, by a measurable margin — but the gap is in oil quantity, not in some unique cooking chemistry. A deep-fryer immerses food in 1-2 cups of hot oil; an air fryer needs at most a 1-2 teaspoon mist on the surface, and many cooks (frozen fries, bacon, pre-breaded foods) need none at all. That is roughly an 80% calorie reduction on the oil side of the dish. Browning, salt, sugar and the food itself are unchanged — air-fried food is healthier because it absorbs less added fat, not because the air fryer has any magic.

See the oven → air fryer conversion rule

Can I put aluminum foil in an air fryer?
Yes, but weighted by food and never alone. A bare sheet of foil in the basket can lift off the floor in the airstream, contact the heating element, and arc — that is the failure mode behind most "air fryer caught fire" reports. Foil is fine when food sits on top of it (a foil cradle for messy ribs, a foil tent over a brown-too-fast crust). Avoid foil in the bottom of the basket on rising-crust pizza or anything that releases steam — the steam pocket lifts the foil. Parchment paper rated for air-fryer use is a safer default for line-the-basket jobs.

Full list of what not to put in an air fryer

What's the difference between an air fryer and a convection oven?
Chamber size and fan-to-food ratio. A countertop convection oven holds ten to twenty litres and the fan sits behind a wall or above the food at moderate speed. An air fryer holds three to six litres and the fan is directly above an empty-bottomed basket at much higher RPM. Physically it is the same convection cooking — the air fryer just has a denser, faster, hotter airflow around the food because the chamber is smaller. Recipes written for an oven need about 25 °F off the temperature and 20% off the time to behave correctly in an air fryer.

Use the oven-to-air-fryer calculator

Do air fryers really use less oil?
Substantially less — typically a 1-2 teaspoon mist for foods that need help crisping (fresh chicken wings, sliced sweet potato, scratch breaded items) versus 1-2 cups for the equivalent deep-fry. Many air-fryer cooks need zero added oil: anything frozen-and-pre-fried (frozen french fries, mozzarella sticks, breaded chicken) already contains oil in the breading, and naturally fatty foods (bacon, sausage, chicken thighs with skin) self-baste. Reserve oil for foods that genuinely look pale or feel dry on the surface mid-cook — not as a default.
Do I need to preheat an air fryer?
For most foods, yes — 2 to 3 minutes at the cooking temperature with the basket empty. A cold chamber spends the first third of any short cook climbing through 250-350 °F instead of cooking, which leaves the surface pale and the breading damp. The exceptions are bacon (cold start renders the fat slowly and reduces splattering), long cooks over 15 minutes where the ramp-up is a small share of the total, and large dense frozen cuts where the centre needs the gradual warm-up. Oven-style air fryers need a longer preheat (4 minutes) than basket-style.

Per-brand preheat times and skip-preheat list

What can't you cook in an air fryer?
Four categories. Wet batter (tempura, beer-battered fish, scratch corn-dog batter) drips through the basket onto the heating element before it can set — use only dry coatings or pre-breaded items. Leafy herbs (loose basil, parsley, cilantro) blow into the heating element and char in seconds. Popcorn kernels pop free of the basket holes and contact the element. Bare shredded cheese melts through the basket holes. Pre-breaded fillets, frozen pre-fried items, and any solid-surfaced food are fine.

Full safety guide with safer alternatives

How do I clean my air fryer after cooking?
Cool the chamber for 10 minutes, then pull the basket and grate and wash both in warm soapy water with a soft sponge — the non-stick coating scratches under any abrasive and scratches mean coating flakes ending up in the next cook. Wipe the heating element and chamber interior with a damp cloth wrung nearly dry; never spray water directly into the housing. Once a week, smear a 3:1 baking-soda-to-water paste onto any baked-on grease and leave for 15 minutes before wiping off. Once a quarter, brush the heating element with a soft pastry brush — most "smoky cook" complaints come from carbonised grease on the element, not the food.

Full cleaning routine + dishwasher-safe parts by brand